Xylitol: The Sweet Danger Your Dog Can’t Taste
Pet Safety
When we think of dangers to our pets, chocolate, grapes, or medications often come to mind. But one of the most dangerous toxins for dogs may already be sitting in your kitchen, purse, or car… and it tastes sweet.
At Animal ER of University Park, we regularly treat dogs exposed to xylitol, a common sugar substitute that can be life-threatening even in tiny amounts.
What Is Xylitol?
Xylitol is a sugar alcohol used as a sugar substitute in many “sugar-free” or “no added sugar” products. While it’s safe for people, xylitol is extremely toxic to dogs.
Even a small amount can cause a dangerous drop in blood sugar or acute liver failure in dogs, sometimes within minutes.
Common Products That Contain Xylitol
Many pet parents are shocked to learn how often xylitol appears in everyday items. Common sources include:
Sugar-free gum (one of the most dangerous sources)
Sugar-free candies and mints
Peanut butter (some brands, but not all)
Baked goods and desserts
Toothpaste and mouthwash
Vitamins and supplements
Nasal sprays and allergy medications
“Low-carb” or “keto” products
Important: Always check ingredient labels. Xylitol may also be listed as birch sugar.
Why Is Xylitol So Dangerous for Dogs?
Unlike humans, a dog’s body reacts to xylitol as if it were real sugar. This triggers a massive release of insulin, leading to:
1. Severe Hypoglycemia (Low Blood Sugar)
This can occur within 10–30 minutes of ingestion and may cause:
Weakness or lethargy
Vomiting
Loss of coordination
Tremors or seizures
Collapse
2. Liver Failure
Higher doses can cause acute liver injury, which may develop within 12–24 hours and can be fatal without rapid treatment.
How Much Xylitol Is Toxic?
It doesn’t take much.
As little as 0.1 grams per kilogram of body weight can cause hypoglycemia
0.5 grams per kilogram or more can cause liver failure
For many dogs, just one or two pieces of sugar-free gum can be enough to cause a medical emergency.
What Should You Do If Your Dog Eats Xylitol?
Do not wait. Do not monitor at home. Do not induce vomiting unless instructed by a veterinarian.
If you suspect or know your dog has ingested xylitol:
Seek emergency veterinary care immediately
Bring the product packaging with you if possible
Call ahead so the medical team can prepare
Time is critical. Early treatment dramatically improves survival.
Emergency Xylitol Treatment at Animal ER of University Park
At Animal ER of University Park our emergency team is available 24/7, 365 days a year to treat xylitol toxicity.
Treatment may include:
Rapid blood sugar stabilization
IV dextrose (glucose) support
Liver-protective medications
Continuous monitoring and bloodwork
Hospitalization when needed
Prompt care can mean the difference between a full recovery and a life-threatening outcome.
How to Protect Your Dog From Xylitol Exposure
Prevention is key. We recommend:
Storing gum, candy, and medications out of reach
Avoiding sharing human food unless ingredients are confirmed safe
Choosing xylitol-free peanut butter (check every label, every time)
Keeping purses, backpacks, and gym bags secured
Educating family members and guests about the danger
When in Doubt, Treat It as an Emergency
Dogs can’t taste danger, and they don’t know what’s safe. If your dog may have ingested xylitol, every minute matters.
If you’re ever unsure, it’s always safer to come in. We’re here when your pet needs us most.
